Technical Textiles:
A technical textile is a textile that has been developed to meet the exacting specified high-performance requirements of a particular end-use other than conventional clothing and furnishings. In many cases, specially developed technical yarns are employed to support and reinforce the fabric properties .
Markets for Technical Textiles:
According to Professor S. Anand of Bolton Institute, England, technical textiles account for approximately 21 per cent of all textiles. The main markets are: traditional industrial fabrics, for example, canvas, tents, etc. (43%); transportation and automotive (23%); leisure (12%); geotextiles (10%); medical textiles (10%); and protective apparel (2%). Two-thirds of automotive materials go into ‘interior trim’ for seat covers, roof and door liners, and carpets, where woven fabrics still dominate. Other uses include tyres, air bags and filters. Although non-woven and woven fabrics account for the majority of technical textiles, warp knitted and, to a lesser extent, weft knitted structures have captured some special end-use markets.These are particularly where certain properties such as drapability, mouldability, knitting to shape, open-work, extensibility, strength, lightness of weight and cost are at a premium and can be tailored to requirements.
End-uses for Technical Textiles:
Possible specific applications for technical textiles are as follows:
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| Technical Textiles |
According to Professor S. Anand of Bolton Institute, England, technical textiles account for approximately 21 per cent of all textiles. The main markets are: traditional industrial fabrics, for example, canvas, tents, etc. (43%); transportation and automotive (23%); leisure (12%); geotextiles (10%); medical textiles (10%); and protective apparel (2%). Two-thirds of automotive materials go into ‘interior trim’ for seat covers, roof and door liners, and carpets, where woven fabrics still dominate. Other uses include tyres, air bags and filters. Although non-woven and woven fabrics account for the majority of technical textiles, warp knitted and, to a lesser extent, weft knitted structures have captured some special end-use markets.These are particularly where certain properties such as drapability, mouldability, knitting to shape, open-work, extensibility, strength, lightness of weight and cost are at a premium and can be tailored to requirements.
End-uses for Technical Textiles:
Possible specific applications for technical textiles are as follows:
- Geotextiles – Drainage, filter, and membrane material, road and tunnel reinforcement,erosion protection.
- Tarpaulins, coverings – Air-inflated structures, tarpaulins, roof coverings, temperature-resistant sails, back-lit advertising signs.
- Safety textiles – Heat and flame-resistant protective clothing for civil and military purposes, fluorescent safety clothing, inflatable life rafts, bullet-proof vests, helmets, sun protection blinds, radiation protection, parachutes, oil trap mats.(Bullet-proof vest fabric can be knitted on a Karl Mayer E 18 raschel machine with a magazine weft insertion and three guide bars. The front bar is threaded with 80 dtex polyester guide bars and laps 1–0/2–3. The other two bars ‘interweave’ with the front bar using the evasion technique 00/11/00/22 and 00/22/00/11 (Chapter 27).These, together with the weft insertion mechanism, are threaded with 840 dtex aramid.
- Industrial Textiles – Filter fabrics, conveyor belts, adhesive tapes.
- Medical Textiles – Plasters, tapes, gauze, artificial arteries, bandages, dialysisfilters, elastic net bandages, blankets and covers. (Small-diameter, single cylinder machines are ideal for weft knitting tubular stretch bandages from cotton yarn with inlaid elastic yarn .
- Composites – Composites for buildings, aerospace, automobiles, boats.
- Active Sportswear – Clothing and equipment.
- Nets – Fabrics for construction, agriculture, for safety, weather and pest protection, blinds, fences, storage nets, sacks, fish nets .
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